Wat Phra Si Rattana Sasdaram or Temple of the Emerald Buddha or Wat Phra Kaeo, Bangkok, Thailand.
Wat Phra Si Rattana Sasdaram built by King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) in 1782 A.D. at the same time of Bangkok established as his capital. It’s a royal temple within the Grand Palace. The construction took two years to complete and enshrined the Emerald Buddha.
The attractions within Wat Phra Si Rattana Sasdaram :
The Ordination Hall. The Ordination hall or the Bot or the Ubosoth is enshrined the Emerald Buddha image on a golden throne made of gilded carved wood. The roof is in three tiers design with the gable ends decorated with a Vishnu on Garuda design. The 112 figures of the Garuda Holding Naga built in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.). They were cast in gilded bronze and decorated around the base of the Ubosoth. Two Large Standing Crowned Buddha image and Ten Smaller Crowned Buddha image cast in bronze and covered with gold were built in the reign of King Rama III. A small Bronze Buddha image called Phra Samputtha Panni cast in the reign of King Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.). Mural Paintings on the wall depicting the Enlightenment of the Buddha, the Buddhist cosmology consisting of the Three Worlds of senses(Kamabhumi), Form(Rupabhumi) and Non-Form(Arupabhumi). The Marker Stones or Sema are the double slab type to specific the sacred place. Bronze Lions Door Guardians There are altogether twelve in six pairs, guarding the main central door of the ubosoth.
Phra Sri Rattana Chedi or The Golden Stupa built in the reign of king Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and applied gold leafs in the reign of King Rama V, contains the Buddha relics. The stupa is in the Ceylonese circular stupa style.
Phra Mondop or The Mondop is used as a scripture hall. The Mondop is in the Thai architecture style and built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.).
Prasat Phra Thep Bidorn or the Royal Panthern is contain the statues of the deceased king of the present dynasty (Chakri Dynasty) from King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) to King Rama VIII (1935-1946 A.D.). This building is in the Khmer style.
Two Smaller Golden Stupa were built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) dedicated to his parents. There are 4 monkeys and 16 giants supporting the stupa as bearer at the base.
Two pairs of Decorated Stupa were built in the reign of king Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.). They have square, indented corners and decorated with gold leafs and colored glass mosaics.
Hor Phra Monthien Tham is used as an auxiliary scripture hall. It was built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.).
Vihan Yot contains the Buddha image called Phra Nak. It was built and decorated with the Chinese porcelain in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.).
Hor Phra Nak contains the ashes of the royal family. It was built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) and rebuilt in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.).
The Phanom Mak built in the reign of King Rama V (1868-1910 A.D.) dedicated to the Buddha.
The Mythological Being from the Himavamsa were built in the reign of King Rama V (1868-1910 A.D.). Totally 7 pairs are called Kinnon, Asuravayupak, Asurapaksi, Absornsi, Singhapanon, Thepnorasingha and Theppaksi.
A Model of Angkor Wat built in the reign of King Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and completed in the reign of King Rama V (1868-1910 A.D).
Hor Phra Gandharat built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) and contains the Buddha image called Phra Gandhara Buddha to be used in the rain-asking ceremony during the Ploughing season.
Hor Ratchakoramanusorn built in the reign of King Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and contains the Buddha images dedicated to the past King of Ayutthaya and Thonburi.
Hor Ratchapongsanusorn built in the reign of King Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and contains the Buddha images dedicated to the King of the present dynasty.
Phra Pho Thi That Phiman built in the reign of King Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and contains the Buddha relics and Bodi leafs.
The Statue of Hermit or Rishi cast in bronze in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.). He is a specialist in the traditional medicines, a mortar and a grinding stone places in front of him.
The Eight Prangs were built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) and decorated with the Chinese porcelains in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.) dedicated to a specific element of Buddhism are the Buddha(Lord Buddha), the Dhamma(Teachings of Buddha), the Sangha(Buddhist monks), the Bhiksuni(Buddhist female monks), the Pacchekabodhi(Buddha who attained enlightenment but never preach), the Chakkavati(Emperor of the kingdom), the Bodhisattava(Buddha in his previous life) and the Maitreya(next Buddha).
Lined Pavilions built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) to support people who visit the temple.
Belfry built in the reign of King Rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) and rebuilt in the reign of Rama IV (1851-1868 A.D.) and decorated with Chinese porcelain mosaics in floral geometric style with double Naga frames over the door. The spire is in Thai style known as Mondop.
Monuments of the Royal Insignia King Rama V built three monuments for the insignia of King Rama I to King Rama V in 1883 A.D. The additional four monuments for King Rama VI to Rama IX ordered by HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn of the present reign (King Rama IX). They are beautifully designed in Thai style known as Bussabok.
The Cloisters There are mural paintings in the cloister, depict the story of the Ramakien, the Thai version of the Indian Ramayana. These mural paintings consists of 178 scenes were completed in the reign of King rama I (1782-1809 A.D.) and restored many times.
The Twelve Giants or The Statues of Demon-Guardians are standing at the gates passing through the cloister. They were built in the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851 A.D.). Each representing an important character in the Ramakien story e.g. Tosakanth is the King of Giant, Indrachit, Virunhok, etc.
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