Wat Traimit Wittayaram or The Golden Buddha Image Temple, Bangkok, Thailand
Wat Traimit Wittayaram. Formerly known as Wat Sam Chin Tai, Wat Traimit Wittayaram was built approximately in 1831 A.D. Legend has it that three Chinese men were the builders. The severely dilapidated temple underwent complete renovation whereby all original structures were torn down, starting in 1937 A.D. The new name, Wat Traimait Wittayaram was given in 1939 A.D., Later in 1954 A.D., construction of the two-storey vihara got under way to house the Buddha image transported from Wat Phraya Krai years earlier, to reflect the high respect Buddhists had for it. Situated in the center of the upper floor was the Thai-styled building with four-gabled roof for the enshrinement of the Buddha image.
Historical of the Golden Buddha Image. As far as historical background is concerned, one can only say with certainty that Phra Buddha Maha Suwanna Patimakorn had been enshrined at wat Phraya Krai in Bangkok since the reign of King Rama III (1824-1851). There has so far been no evidence, however, as to when and where the Buddha image was built. Based on the artistic features of the image which belongs to major group of Buddha images of the Sukhothai Era-the period during the 13th century when Buddha images considered to be of the highest aesthetic value were built-it is surmised that Phra Buddha Maha Suwanna Patimakorn was built in Sukohthai sometime in the period when the city was at the peak of its worldly prosperity and religious glory, as cited in Stone inscription No. I commissioned by King Ramkhamhaeng the Great: “Situated in the heart of Sukhothai is a temple along with a golden Buddha image, tall standing Buddha images, other Buddha images, large ones and graceful ones.” Judging from its large size and the face that the image is made of precious gold, one cannot help but assume that it must have been commissioned by one of the kings of Sukhothai.
The Golden Buddha Phra Buddha Maha Suwanna Patimakorn measures 313 centimeters in width from one knee to the other, is 398 centimeters in height and weighs approximately 5.5 tons. With the gesture of Subduing Mara, the Buddha sits with the right leg folded over the left; his left hand lies in the lap with palm upward while the right hand rests on the knee with fingers pointing toward the earth. Representing the major group of Buddha art of Sukhothai style which is considered to be of highest aesthetic value in Thai art, the Golden Buddha Image features the following characteristics:
-The oval-shaped face
-Twisted tufts of hair in the pattern of circumambulatory whorls turning to the right on the head
-The flame-shaped aureole
-Long, arched eyebrows that meet at the bridge of the nose
-Prominent nose that looks slightly hooked at the tip
-Thin lips suggesting a gentle smile
-A monastic robe with the outer robe folded over the left shoulder, its forked end extends to the stomach
-A flat pedestal
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